1) The equalizing ring is a ring-shaped metal conductor, usually made of materials such as aluminum alloy or stainless steel, and requires a smooth and burr free surface to avoid local electric field concentration.
2) When installed on high-voltage equipment, it redistributes the surrounding electric field through its own conductive properties. This is equivalent to "combing" the electric field around the device to make the electric field strength more uniform, thereby reducing the risk of local electric field strength being too high.